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White Papers

Browse our library of power quality technical resources.

37 results by David Horning — Clear

Grid Readiness for Data Centers

Global cumulative investment in data centers between 2026 and 2030 is projected to reach $3 trillion. This explosive growth is straining electric grids worldwide. This white paper summarizes the IEEE…

May 1, 2026 · David Horning

Case Study: Tensor in a Backyard Greenhouse

Introduction Effective greenhouse management requires consistent monitoring of environmental extremes and equipment performance. This white paper examines the role of the PMI Tensor in verifying the adequacy of ventilation and…

December 31, 2025 · David Horning

Voltage Unbalance Within PQ Canvass Compliance Reports

Power Monitors, Inc.'s PQ Canvass is a secure, cloud-based platform built for power-quality (PQ) analysis. PQ Canvass has a beta feature of automated "compliance reports" that transform data uploaded from…

October 14, 2025 · David Horning

The Right Way to Measure Power in Three-Wire Delta Systems

Introduction Three-phase power systems are the standard for electrical distribution in industrial and commercial applications. Delta systems often have unbalanced loads making it mathematically impossible to accurately measure the power…

August 19, 2025 · David Horning

Getting PQ Data from your SCADA System

DNP3 (Distributed Network Protocol) is a communication protocol used primarily in utilities and industrial settings for automation and control systems. It is designed to enable reliable, secure communication between control…

August 6, 2024 · David Horning

Record, Diagnose and Troubleshoot Oscillatory Transients

Oscillatory transients are caused by switching operations, nearby lightning strikes, or other impulsive noise exciting electrical resonances present on the network. The most common in the distribution system is defined…

November 28, 2023 · David Horning

Harmonic Calculations

In a normal distribution network, the fundamental frequency is that of the voltage driving source, nominally 60Hz. Steady state deviations from the ideal 60 Hz sine wave shape are “periodic,”…

August 22, 2023 · David Horning

Seeker Modbus Map

The Seeker power quality recorder includes a variety of mechanisms to retrieve measurements. One of is Modbus, a protocol often used for communication with industrial electronic devices. The protocol is…

November 9, 2022 · David Horning

Analyzing Portable Power Station Inverter Power Quality

An engineer at PMI purchased a portable power station and wanted to verify the quality of the inverter before attaching sensitive electronics. The steps used to quantify the output quality…

August 23, 2022 · David Horning

Impact Loading

Impact loading occurs from the inrush current of large motors, welding apparatus, electric arc furnaces, or similar loads. The current pulses are less than short circuit values but may be…

March 6, 2019 · David Horning

TDD and IEEE 519:2014

IEEE standard 519 was first released in 1982 and was then updated in 1992 and 2014. It defines limits on Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) as well as Total Demand Distortion…

August 1, 2018 · David Horning

Viewing PQCanvass Boomerang Data in ProVision

Boomerangs smart grid sensors transmit RMS voltage, current, and power data to cloud-based Canvass and PQCanvass systems. Canvass/PQCanvass provide web-based data analysis tools, email/SMS notifications, and long term data storage…

July 1, 2018 · David Horning

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Have a PQ question? Ask Merlin™ — free. Send it to askmerlin@powermonitors.com or text (540) 383-3144.

Power Monitors, Inc. — Tools you Need. People you Trust.

Power Monitors, Inc. is an industry-leading product design and manufacturing firm based in Mt. Crawford, Virginia. PMI® strives to solve power quality problems by listening to our customers and working with them to design and manufacture products. Total customer satisfaction is the primary goal of all PMI® staff.

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